فصلنامه زن در فرهنگ و هنر (پژوهش زنان)
سال دوم شماره 4 (تابستان 1390)

The present paper is focusing on the quality of reading of popular romance novels by women. The popular romance novels are today the best seller's part of narrative literature in Iran and their authors, readers and motifs are mainly female. The prevailing literature in the sociology of literature has not paid attention to this literary genre and this type has been hallmarked as a narcotizing genre and a rather false knowledge. However, the broadness of this type of novel and their main impacts on female readers make it necessary to study them closely. The studies of this paper which have been conducted based on a research made by Janice Radway in the UK on female readers of romance novels investigates the method of familiarity of women with these types of novels and their quality of reading. Also efforts have been made to study the quality of reading by the type of reader's employment and age. The purchasers of romance novels in Book City were brought in to conduct the research, applying “interview” as the method of data collection.

This paper is based on the research and analysis of marriage among Turkmens of Iran. The research method of this paper is based on the quantitative research method, observation and participant observation, deep and open interview and also based on the documentation on Turkmen people of Iran. In this paper we are going to introduce Turkmen ethnic group of Iran briefly and then to mention some key characteristics of this ethnic group on which its culture is based upon and has shaped this group like a homogeneous texture including different elements. Among the important features of Turkmen society, studied in this paper, the following items are significant: Endogamy, Patrilineality, Patriarchy, Patrilocality and many other customary law and also mandatory marriage. We will start the discussion with talking about customary law and the price of marriage (dower) and after that the reasons which show the role of the price of marriage for all different classes will be discussed. Some of the characteristics of the price of marriage are: the value of dower is the same for all types of families in villages or towns, and at the same time it is flexible in different conditions depending on the type of marriage: either it is inside or outside marriage. These elements are the basics which construct Turkmen ethnic society and are necessary for this study.

With the advent of the modern era and people’s awakening, especially among poets, the social affairs entered poems, and many poets throughout the Islamic world became aware of their duty in awakening the public opinion in their own countries; they began to deal with social affairs, including nesa`iyat (women’s poems). Some of them, however, moved along the inauspicious plot of the imperialists; this is the same point that The Supreme Leader has often reminded the cultural and academic strata. The poet laureate Bahar and Ma`roof Rasafi are among this group of poets. Although they are anti-imperialist poets who frequently invite people to rise up against the imperialists and their inauspicious plots, they refer to removal of hijab in their poems as well. It seems that this is due to, on the one hand, their unawareness of the Islamic concepts and the pathology of women’s personality and popularity, and, on the other hand, their obvious mistake in recognizing the essential causes of the society’s underdevelopment.

This Paper aims at exploring the ways girl window-shoppers experience and understand the Setare Fars Mall of Shiraz based on interpretative approach and emic perspective. The research was conducted using qualitative methodology and ethnographic fieldwork as a practical guideline. The samples of study included the girls who regularly visit the shopping center of Setareh Fars. Data was collected through participant observation and purposive in-depth interview with 21 girls. Then, the data analyzed by thematic analysis strategy. The findings demonstrated that the consumption consists only of a marginal function and provides a medium to enter into the world of shopping center. During data analysis, eight categories extracted including marginalizing shopping, supplementary or alternative actions, symbolic representation, intersexual relationship, bricloage of identity, consumption of space, producing interactional capital, and shopping center as quasi-carnival. These categories displayed and discussed in a core category titled “Shopping Center as Quasi-Society”.

One of the most important issues in relation with language & gender is the propagation of sexist ideologies through spoken & written discourse. Central to critical linguistic analysis is the notion of ideology. They believe that to the extent that the concepts in a discourse are related as a system, they are part of a theory or ideology, that is, a system of concepts and images which are a way of seeing and grasping things, and of interpreting what is seen or heard or read. All perception involves theory or ideology, and there are no “raw” uninterpreted, theory-free facts. It is the prime focus of critical linguistics to unmask those ideologies which seem to be hidden within language-use which poses itself as natural. The purpose of the present research was to provide some information about what constitutes a sexist language. In fact the effect of providing this information can help us to eliminate or reduce sexism in our language and our society. In the present research sexism in Persian language is discussed. At first sexist language is defined and the importance of its study is explained. Then a variety of instructional methods is applied to address the use of sexist language. After that by virtue of some criteria for language sexism and by examining different kinds of data from different parts of language (lexicon, grammar, proverb and so on), Persian language is examined.In sum, the results of the present study illustrated that:1- Persian language is an example of one sexist language. 2- This sexist language not only reflects the discrimination in society but also it is a powerful tool that creates it.

This survey focuses on the Palestinian women and their role in the history of Palestine and birth of the first and second Intifada and their ultimate contribution to Intifada. The research methodology is descriptive and exploratory and the results are drawn based on quantitative analysis.The statistical society included young Palestinian woman in three groups in Syria.General in this research, the role of young Palestinian women has been studied in different dimensions such as cultural, social, ideological and educational and also the factors that have influenced the Intifada until now.Important key Words: young Palestinian, Second Intifada, Communion, Cultural Identity.